Percepções do processo de emagrecimento na obesidade sob a perspectiva de mulheres adultas: subsídios para promoção de saúde

Abstract

The obesity is considered a chronic illness of world-wide prevalence considered an epidemy that reaches developed and non-developed countries. In Brazil it’s considered a problem of public health, since, more than 10 million of Brazilian people are considered obesity. The adult women present a larger rates of the illness related to the men. The obesity goes beyond the biological dimension when it involves social, economic and emotional matters. The knowledge and the understanding of obesity are the starting point for the success of the procedure of losing weight. Objective: To analyse the conception and perception of obese women on the process of gaining of losing weight ; and, get subsidies for the elaboration of health promotion prograns. Method: The teorical approach applied in the research was the qualitative one focused “compreensivista” and “interpretativista” theories. Ten interviews with halfstructuralized script had been carried through women who attended the Centro de Atendimento Nutricional (CAN) in Passos. The analysis of the data was performed from the northword subjects of the interviews and their respective categories: description of the diets; conception on ideal weight/ideal body; current treatment in the CAN; the beginning of the process of gaining weight ; tricks and secrets for losing weight and feeding and dayly routine. Results: seven out of ten interviewed women had tried some type of diet before the treatment in the CAN. The difficulties found for the women for maintenance of the diets were related to the emotional questions and the type of diet. They used to take the reasons that had taken them to the beginning of the process of gaining weight about the women had told that they were due to female sort, as well as hereditary factors and personal conditions. According to women is perspective the ideal body is that one that represents aesthetic and beauty or health. The positive points of the treatment in the CAN reported buy the women were the kind of boarding and the frequency of the accompaniment. The women had also reported the use of own strategies to facilitate the process of losing weight, but they had pointed as negative point of the diet in the CAN, the difficulty of keeping themselves on a diet on weekends. Discussion: The decision to carry through out a diet and its maintenance involves questions that surpass the health-illness conditions, therefore the desire of losing weight can be a reply to the demand of the society much more than a personal desire. It is important that the health care professionals be prepared to give explanations, through a critical boarding on the consequences of the obesity in the physical, emotional and social field, as well as, to give conditions to the individuals so that they can take coherent decisions according to their desires. For this, it is necessary to establish a relation of listening, dialogue and respect between professionals and clients, as well as a personal attendance that respects the diversity of the demands. Last considerations: It is important that in the programs of health promotion in the context of the obesity as well as the attendance of population who search for treatments of losing weight, that the underlying questions to obsety that surpass the consequences for the health, must be argued clearly so that the individuals can make choices and take decisions of critical and conscientious form.