Interface entre distúrbios psiquiátricos e obesidade: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Psychiatric disorders and obesity are diseases with high prevalence and morbidity. The literature on the relationship between the two has been growing in recent years, with the emergence of studies on possible genetic, pathophysiological and behavioral correlations. For clinical and public health purposes, a clearer understanding of the relationship is needed. Objective: To collect, analyze and synthesize the most recent evidence on the relationship between psychiatric disorders and obesity. Methodology: A systematic search for articles was performed in the MEDLINE (PubMed), ScienceDirect, Scielo and PsycINFO databases. Two reviewers independently collected data and assessed trial quality. Result: From a total of 9,408 articles identified, only 36 were eligible for this study. Articles that addressed depression were included (n=15); recurrent binge eating disorder (n=8); schizophrenia (n=8); bipolar disorder (n=9); anxiety disorder (n=6); attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (n=2); substance abuse (n=2); posttraumatic stress disorder (n=3) totaling a sample of 630,026 people. The quantitative analysis showed a positive association between obesity and the variables: depression (OR: 1.30), schizophrenia (OR: 2.75) and binge eating (SMD: 0.47). Bipolarity was not related. Conclusion: This meta-analysis shows a positive relationship between obesity and depression; schizophrenia and binge eating. There was no relationship between bipolarity and obesity.