Diagnóstico diferencial do glioblastoma por imagem molecular

Abstract

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors are classified based on molecular parameters that are potentially important for their diagnosis. Among the tumor types, glioblastoma is the most common astrocytoma, being rated as grade IV. The grade attribution for the most cytologically malignant neoplasms is associated with infiltration, proliferation, and fast progression of the disease. And for the diagnosis of this disease to be identified, minimizing its progression, a method used in Molecular Imaging has been widely studied. In particular , a Positron Emission Tomography coupled to Computed Tomography (PET-CT) that involves image acquisition, at the molecular level often, allows obtaining information related to the diseases pathophysiology. This feature makes it a fundamental tool for the differential diagnosis of tumors, especially when the radiopharmaceutical used is the specific target. In this sense, the clinical aspects obtained with PET-CT allows an early diagnosis with a consequent increase in the survival of patients with glioblastoma. This literature review aims to highlight and compare the radiopharmaceuticals: fluorodeoxyglucose-fluor-18 (FDG- 18 F), fluoroethyltyrosine-fluor-18 (FET- 18 F) and methionine-carbon-11 (methionine- 11 C), to demonstrate their particularities and its positive and negative aspects in relation to the differential diagnosis of glioblastoma.